Zhiye Lu, Jinze Yu, Liyang Sun, Yupeng Xiong, Bing Yang, Ruolin Yin, and Lishu Wang
Hybrid energy storage, capacity optimisation, variational mode decomposition, wind power, primary frequency modulation
The large-scale grid integration of renewable energy will lead to power system frequency stability problems, and grid primary frequency modulation demand problems are increasingly prominent. To improve the primary frequency modulation stability of wind energy storage systems and meet the primary frequency modulation output requirements of wind farms, this paper takes the minimisation of hybrid energy storage system (HESS) capacity allocation costs as the goal when the HESS meets the primary frequency modulation output requirements of wind farms in the power system, also considers the charging and discharging constraints, and adopts an artificial fish swarm algorithm with an improved moving strategy to select the optimal filtering number of the variational mode decomposition (VMD) to optimise the capacity allocation. Finally, the rationality of the proposed research method is verified by combining the 96-h historical data of wind farms in a certain area. After analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: the method can realise a reasonable allocation of hybrid energy storage capacity and, at the same time, meet the primary frequency modulation output demand of wind farms in the power system. In addition, by providing primary frequency modulation services, wind farms are able to obtain certain economic benefits. The significance of this study is to improve the stability of primary frequency modulation in wind farms by optimising the capacity configuration of the wind storage system, which in turn enhances the stability of the power system. It plays a key role in promoting the large-scale application of renewable energy and realising the energy transition, while also providing strong support for power system reliability and sustainable development. ∗ School of Electrical and Information, Northeast Agricultural Uni- versity, Harbin 150030, China; e-mail: [email protected] Corresponding author: Lishu Wang
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